The Story of the Kindertransport Essay Example for Free

The Story of the Kindertransport Essay Out of all the malevolent individuals on the planet, it just takes a couple of good spirits to stand up and make the best decision so as to have any kind of effect. There are such huge numbers of stories from wars about death and annihilation of people groups homes, lives, and prides. Wars have a one of a kind capacity to cloud the psyche. They can cause individuals to do insane things. They can cause individuals to do things that they could never think they could do. Wars can cause you to do an inappropriate thing, however they can likewise hold nothing back from making the best choice. Notwithstanding the way that there was so much devastation brought about by the tyrants who managed quite a bit of Europe during the hour of World War two there were individuals who faced those shades of malice. As indicated by the Talmud, whoever spares one life, spares a whole world. This Jewish saying, brings up that in the event that you can spare one life you have spared a whole age. This is on the grounds that when you remove someones life, you remove their capacity to experience passionate feelings for, wed, and have kids; in this manner, devastating potential. There were 6,000,000 lives removed due to the horrendous demonstrations that Hitler did Six million people, 6,000,000 individuals equipped for making the up and coming age of the world. Rather, their lives were stopped. It is essential that we recollect the individuals who endure this awful episode and recall their accounts. It is significant that we recount to the tale of the Kindertransport with the goal that their story can be associated with people in the future. The word Kindertransport originates from two words in German. Kinder methods the youngsters, and transport intends to move or migrate. This is actually what happened to around 10,000 Jewish kids living in Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, and Poland during the Holocaust. The choice for the guardians of these youngsters to basically surrender their kids with the expectation that they may have a superior life, more likely than not been troublesome. Regularly kids couldn't choose resettlement themselves, and it was frequently just at the station that they understood they needed to leave their folks. Displacement for them occurred at the phase when a comfortable situation with realized individuals is an important prerequisite for improvement. Besides, kids are consistently reliant on the assistance and backing of others, especially in new environmental factors. One of Britains errands was the means by which they were going to deal with the deluge of such a large number of kids entering their nation. Living in Germany during the 1930s was at that point sufficiently troublesome, yet being a Jew living in Germany was considerably progressively troublesome. Jews were segregated and oppressed in light of the fact that a great part of the purposeful publicity that was being sifted all through Germany reprimanded the Jews for the financial states of their nation. Hitler convinced the German individuals that their issues would leave if the nation was liberated from Jews. This sort of hostile to Jewish message sent rushes of detest all through Germany. In November 1938, the occasions of Kristallnacht (night of broken glass) heightened the mistreatment of Jews. It is hard for an occasion like this to not get known all through the world. Surely, numerous nations heard about this occasion. Kristallnacht was an enormous, facilitated assault on Jews all through the German Reich the evening of November 9, 1938. On November 9, horde savagery broke out as the normal German police held on and hordes of observers viewed. Nazi tempest troopers alongside individuals from the SS and Hitler Youth beat and killed Jews, broke into and destroyed Jewish homes, and brutalized Jewish ladies and youngsters. All over Germany, Austria and other Nazi controlled territories, Jewish shops and retail chains had their windows crushed and substance demolished. Places of worship were particularly focused for vandalism, including defilement of sacrosanct Torah scrolls. Many places of worship were efficiently singed while nearby local groups of fire-fighters held on or basically kept the fire from spreading to encompassing structures In July of 1938, there was a gathering held in France. The United States was in participation. The objective of the meeting was to examine the issues of the Austrian and German Jews. Somewhere in the range of 1933 and 1941, the Nazis intended to make Germany judenrein (purged of Jews) by making life so hard for them that they would be driven away from the nation. By 1938, around 150,000 German Jews, one of every four, had just fled the nation. After Germany added Austria in March 1938, in any case, an extra 185,000 Jews were brought under Nazi guideline. Numerous Jews couldn't discover nations ready to take them in. Numerous German and Austrian Jews attempted to go to the United States however couldn't get the visas expected to enter. Despite the fact that updates on the rough slaughters of November 1938 was generally announced, Americans stayed hesitant to invite Jewish exiles. Amidst the Great Depression, numerous Americans accepted that outcasts would contend with them for occupations and overburden social projects set up to help the penniless. Different nations other than the United States additionally opposed the Jewish populace. The Great Depression caused tough situations all over the place and this made an outlook of opposition. One nation, in any case, saw the need to welcome Jewish regular people into their country, and that nation was Britain. After the British government had been alarmed by Jewish associations to improvements in Germany and especially to the slaughter of November 9, 1938, there were a few explanations behind Great Britain to give bunch visas for a boundless number of youngsters. To begin with, Great Britain felt a specific obligation regarding the outcasts from Europe in that Palestine was represented as a British protectorate, yet all together not to jeopardize its political relations with Arab states Great Britain had reported severe movement limitations. Moreover the administration, considering itself to be a politically influential nation, trusted with this activity to speak to a good example which would urge different nations to stick to this same pattern. Not least, the legislature knew about its duties to its own Jewish people group and didn't wish to avoid them. The individuals who pushed for the migration of the German and Austrian Jewish individuals was the Religious Society of Friends. The administration reacted to their motivation and consented to help. Nonetheless, the crucial disposition to the Jewish displaced people from Europe would in general be saved. The result of the meeting at Evian-les-Bains in July 1938 related generally with the British situation towards the displaced person question. By no means did the administration wish to give the feeling that Britain had opened wide its ways to permit much more exiles to enter the nation. It additionally needed to abstain from urging the German government to complete further removals. The risk of inciting further abuse and removal of the Jewish populace by receiving over-liberal evacuee guidelines was a contention which was continually drawn upon both before the episode of war, and furthermore during the war itself, to legitimize the British refuge strategy. The choice to give bunch visas for Jewish youngsters reflected to a degree this mentality and was, in addition, moderately simple to complete with the understanding of the British open. Youngsters stimulated compassion in most of the populace and they presented little threat, in any event for the time being, to the work advertise. Also the childrens remain in the nation was from the outset just wanted to be transitory, for at the hour of their appearance it was unquestionably accepted that they would either come back to their nations of origin or would relocate to the U. S. A. or on the other hand Palestine. Moreover, it might appear to be bizarre from todays point of view how coolly youngsters were isolated from their folks through the visa guidelines. Nonetheless, for a huge segment of British society, who could think back on a long custom of all inclusive schools, it was totally typical for kids to grow up since the beginning ceaselessly from their folks. Understanding the unstable circumstance that these German-Jewish youngsters confronted is exceptionally difficult to appreciate. It is significant that real survivors recount to their accounts. The kids needed to change in accordance with life in Britain and their encounters are significant to understanding the troubles that they experienced. No parent needed to send their youngsters away, yet guardians had some knowing the past on the risks that were starting to surface upon them. Norbert portrays the circumstance as follows: My folks confronted a horrible situation, an issue no parent of little kids ought to ever need to confront. [My guardians were] persuaded that we were unable to leave Germany soon, so they chose to send me, at age eleven, to security. The main pontoon left Berlin on December 1, 1938. The kids boarded uncommon trains, and afterward boarded a boat where they showed up in England, at that point took another train to London. Ruth depicted the prior night she left: The night prior to my takeoff, both my folks gave me a gift. That is, they laid their hands on me and said a petition complimenting me to Gods care: The Lord favor you and keep you; The Lord look sympathetic upon you and be generous unto you; The Lord offer kindness to you and give you harmony. There was little else my mom and father could do. I can envision their musings and feelings Saying farewell to a parent with the vulnerability of what was to happen was disturbing for some youngsters. Another survivor Tom Berman of the Kindertransport, reported his sentiments before he left in a sonnet. The finish of the sonnet depicts what it resembled leaving his nation of origin: Leather bag from a far away nation, Czechoslovakia, containing all the adoration guardians could pack for a multi year old off on an excursion forever. When they showed up in Britain, they Kinder needed to acclimate to their new lives. A considerable lot of the little youngsters remained with non-permanent families. On the off chance that they couldn't be thought about they were sent to lodgings or all inclusive schools. Numerous associations and people helped with settling the Kinder in the United Kingdom, inclu

Personal Managerial Effectiveness Perspectives

Question: Talk about the Personal Managerial Effectiveness Perspectives. Answer: Presentation The present business world has been changing much radically by staying up with the market rivalry. Every one of the associations gives the best endeavors to reinforce the practical situation by increasing upper hands (Shah and Parmar 2016). The administrative proficiency assumes the most critical job for achieving such achievement. The report will give the keen thoughts regarding the administrative points of view to construct the best possible authoritative culture. The successive and organized examination will be absorbed with writing based data just as basic investigation of the topic. Thinking about such factors, the whole investigation will be introduced. Writing Review In the 21st century, dealing with the individuals inside an association is a lot of promising for the directors. Evidently, the duties of the director despite everything continue as before that is, spurring the workers and make the rousing just as impacting situation (Ali and Patnaik 2014). The most troublesome part in this 21st century is the expanding pace of useful complexities and the fast changes in business process. The writing study gives the hypothetical examination of the administrative viewpoints to advance the proficient authoritative conduct that helps in fortifying the serious position (Clampitt 2016). The proficient supervisory group needs to maintain the emphasis on a few methodologies that are basic to build up the expert abilities of the representatives in this 21st century. The writing will give the diagram of such speculations that are should have been assessed. Maslows Hierarchy of Needs So as to comprehend the administrative viewpoints, it is important to comprehend the hypothetical examination that determines the jobs and obligations of the chiefs. Maslows Hierarchy of Needs gives the adroit thoughts regarding the administrators duty just as the requests of the workers to be persuaded. A portion of the layers in this hypothetical model are portraying the job of the director to guarantee work fulfillment among the representatives. The portrayal of this hypothesis is introduced beneath: Mental Theories and Motivation Spurring the current representatives is one of the key duties that each supervisor needs to perform. As indicated by Zakarevi?ius and Ã… ½uperkien? (2015), inspiration is considered as the mental lift that is useful enough in accomplishing the superior objectives. Thinking about such setting, it tends to be expressed that worker inspiration is essential duty of the supervisors related with an association. The yield decides the activity fulfillment of the representatives while cooperating. According to the hypothesis investigation, it is noticed that the chiefs need to focus towards the conduct the executives, which will be utilized as the point of convergence of authoritative functionalities. The administration of the conduct viewpoint is fundamental for deciding the accomplishment of authoritative greatness (Shah and Parmar 2016). Need Based Theory The need-put together hypothesis has been concentrating with respect to the agreeable parts of the representatives that help in improving the exhibition parameter. This need-put together hypothesis is centering with respect to the endurance to elevated level of feeling needs that are related with self-actualisation. Maslows Hierarchy of Needs model has been assessing the administrative points of view to fulfill the necessities of the related representatives (Singh and Behera 2016). At the point when the supervisor can perceive the fundamental requests of the representatives, it would be useful for them to embrace the best possible choice. This model incorporates a few parts of inspiration, which are depicted further: Self Actualisation: The principal layer of the pyramid shows the Self Actualisation level, which decides the imagination, ethical quality, and critical thinking strategy. It is important for the chiefs to focus on the business exercises that are useful enough in expanding profound quality among the related representatives. Getting greater innovativeness the hierarchical functionalities is useful enough for the representatives to benefit the chances of vocation development. Henceforth, this layer demonstrates one of the significant procedures of inspiring the workers. Regard: The chiefs required focusing on the certainty level, accomplishment, regard, and confidence of the representatives. While the representatives are working in an association, it is fundamental to keep them spurred that bring more certainty. The proficient exhibition results are in the end supportive for bringing the presentation productivity (Thielke et al. 2012). The upgrade of confidence level is a lot of advantageous for the workers to remain engaged and sure. Belongingness: When the representatives are cooperating in an association, it is essential for them to feel increasingly great. The directors need to assume the liability of producing that sentiment of belongingness to draw out the proficient exhibition results. The upkeep of the closeness and feeling of dependability is consequently considered as the significant parts of representative inspiration (Cao et al. 2013). Wellbeing: Each of the representatives looks for the more secure and secure condition. The sterile condition is significant for setting up the protected work environment conduct (Singh and Behera 2016). The security upkeep welcomes the correct inspiration on workers minds. Physiological: The last layer of this model shows the physiological needs. So as to get by in an association, the representatives see for a few physiological requests too. For instance, the adequate measure of air, water, food, agreeableness, and different elements. Nearness of these components produces the feeling of achievements (Zakarevi?ius and Ã… ½uperkien? 2015). The director requires focusing on such fundamental needs to spur the workers. The above conversation is featuring the various layers of necessities saw by the representatives in an association. The chiefs are the mindful individuals to rouse the representatives for bringing the effective execution results. Satisfying such needs is basic for dealing with the worker standard for dependability by taking out the potential outcomes of representative turnover. Persuading the representatives of Gen Y As per Mullins (2010), the new age the board procedure should be increasingly centered around the fundamental needs of the workers. Staying up with the changing industry condition, the desires for the related representatives is additionally expanding as needs be. So as to bring the activity fulfillment among the representatives, it is important to focus towards a few explicit needs. Right off the bat, the input and acknowledgment from the administrators make the workers progressively dependable towards the organization (Ruigrok and Van Tulder 2013). In the event that the administrators as often as possible give the applicable input with respect to the presentation progress of the representative, it creates the feeling of acknowledgment. The representatives even feel that their commitment is fundamental for the authoritative achievement. It consequently brings the activity fulfillment. Besides, the upkeep of adaptability is vital for every one of the chiefs (Mullins 2010). Whenever th e representatives can benefit the chance to take a shot at the adaptable work shifts, it causes them to upgrade the nature of work with appropriate comfort. Besides, keeping up adaptability in correspondence is likewise much supportive in introducing the worries. Third, the chiefs need to urge the workers to be progressively versatile. The ceaseless development and changes in the administration rehearses are should have been acknowledged. In a considerable lot of the cases, it is seen that representatives feel the activity weakness because of such rehashed changes. In this manner, it is the duty of the chiefs to make the representatives increasingly inspired by valuing their work (Goetsch and Davis 2014). Also, whenever required, the supervisors can even give the instructional meetings to the representatives for working in a dynamic manner. The inspiration got from the chiefs frequently lead the representatives towards work fulfillment in this present age. The logical idea of the executives procedure is along these lines introducing the direction of the workers inclinations. Satisfaction of such desire is productive enough in holding the workers in an association. Value hypothesis is one type of social trade hypothesis, which characterizes the intellectual procedure of inspiring the workers. In such procedure representatives hope to keep up balance between the information sources and yields (Singh and Behera 2016). On the off chance that the workers have been giving the endeavors, they hope to be remunerated or perceived. It produces the feeling of dependability that brings more occupation fulfillment. Fortification and Punishment The administration needs to anticipate recognize the method of satisfying the requirements of the workers. In such cases, the directors execute the mechanical devices that lead them towards producing inspiration among the workers. This vital plan can create the positive or negative fortification just as positive or negative disciplines (Zakarevi?ius and Ã… ½uperkien? 2015). The above conversation has been introducing the jobs and duties of the chiefs so as to keep the representatives much propelled towards their works. The estimation of the activity fulfillment rate upgrades the worth based requirements for every one of the representatives. Likewise, the supervisors play out their obligations to bring better rate, which helps in staying serious in this 21st century. Effect of Managerial Perspectives in Organization Behavior Hierarchical conduct decides the activities, musings, and sentiments of the related individuals to accomplish the authoritative greatness. This field is very subject to the idea of initiative, which features the technique of spurring individuals and dealing with the relational clashes. In the 21st century, the basic issues have gotten a lot of noticeable because of the fast changes in business rivalry

Story Series #1 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

New SIPA Student Photo/Story Series #1 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog We kick off the 2014 new student summer photo (and story) series today with a photo submission from incoming MIA student, Supriya Kumar.   Ms. Kumar, a global nomad who has lived in five countries on three continents will be joining SIPA this fall. Photo taken at the Taj Mahal, in Agra, India Here is a photo of my friend Susan and I at the Taj Mahal this June. Words cannot really describe the overwhelming beauty of this structure it is quite surely a sight that has to be seen in person to really appreciate, and Im so grateful that I was lucky to pay it a visit this summer. - If you are an incoming SIPA student and have photos or stories you would like to share with our community, please send them to sipa_new@columbia.edu.

Racial Discrimination Against Black People - 1840 Words

The US society has a long history of racism against black people in terms of the social, political, and economic exploitation of Black people in the hands of the white. It is also an undeniable fact that racial discrimination against black people in the U.S society is one of the negative aspects of this society. The U.S society is among the major democracies in the world yet it seems that society has not been able to get rid of the social injustice that the white feet upon the black in this very society. It must also be pointed out that in the recent times, the trend of racism against blacks in the U.S society has changed for the better to a great extent, but still a lot needs to be done and into terms of the negative unfairness by the white people against the black. This research argues that racism against the blacks, in the U.S. society has deep roots in the past, it is based on the concept of white superiority, and the educational system, in the U.S. also strengthens this racism. The racial discrimination against the black people in the US society is deeply rooted in the social history of the US. What this means is that the long history of racism against the black people in the US society suggests this racism may not come to an end just immediate. Pointing out the historical context of the racism against black in the US society, Russ Long asserts that â€Å"Racial privilege reaches far back into America s past. The racial hierarchy, with White groups of European origin atShow MoreRelatedThe Negative Effects Of Racism : Segregation And Violence1400 Words   |  6 PagesNegative Effects of Racism: Segregation and Violence Racial discrimination affects many minority groups and this issue still occurs to this day. Racial discrimination is the act of treating others differently because of the color of their skin. 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Karl Marx and His Work Essay - 1110 Words

Karl Marx and His Work German Economic/Political Philosopher 1818 - 1883 This year marks the 150th anniversary of the Communist Manifesto, written by Karl Marx and his partner Friedrich Engels. The document first appeared in 1848 and has been a manuelfor the following political parties: Socialist, Social Democratic, Labor, and Communist. In the time of its existence it has created disagreement all over the world. Friedrich Engels said these words in 1888 to summarize the Communist Manifesto. In every historical epoch, the prevailing mode of economic production and exchange, and the social organization necessarily following from it, form the basis upon which is built-up, and from which alone can be explained, the political†¦show more content†¦He saw the case from a different point of view. For example, he felt workers on different levels was meaningless. If all workers were on the same level, as in a communist ran country, then more could be accomplished because everyone would work together because that was the way of life. But, by combining every citizen together to for a common class, a very complicated and unwilling situation could occur when people become unhappy. Just imagine being an entrepreneur during the mid 1800s and living a very wealthy and full life. What would happen if Marx came and told, lets call him Jim, that he was now going to live the same life as everyone by having the luxuries of a common townie. The answer is very simple, he would not be a happy nor a cooperative person. So what might happen to this person’s faith towards his country when he is put into this representation? He will turn against his country, no question about it. Faith is defined as belief and trust and loyalty to God. It also says that faith is a firm belief in something for which there is no proof. 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Karl Marx was a firm believer in Communism and he authored the Communist Manifesto, along with Frederick Engels. Family ethics is an issue dealt with by Karl Marx in his teachings and writings. According to Marx and his co-author, Engels, morality is the slave of interest. Moral codes and ethics are believed to be dependent

Avid Pharmaceuticals Free Essays

The cost structure with the lower breakable volume has the lower systematic risk. Fluctuations in sales volume has an impact on net income. Because there is no certainty, Waver must be ready for increases and decreases in sales if the new equipment is purchased. We will write a custom essay sample on Avid Pharmaceuticals or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is important for Waver to understand that the company will not always be at normal operating levels. Sometimes more units will need to be produced and oftentimes, less units will need to be produced due to the demand in sales. Fluctuations in demand will affect the bottom line, as seen in the examples above. ) What other factors should Waver consider in making this decision? Will the quality of the product remain the same? Is the machine more efficient than the workers? Will time be saved? Can the machine produce more than 60,000 units per year? How many units can the equipment produce in a year, while maintaining a quality product? Can the company charge more for the product if there is an increase in quality? How will this equipment affect Waver long-term? Short-term? Will upgrades be needed (added expenses)? How quickly will the equipment be outdated? How quickly can the equipment be installed? Will there be a loss of manufacturing products while the equipment is being setup? Will the company lose money during setup due to lack of production? How will this new piece of equipment show on the company’s financial statements? Will it be depreciated? What form of depreciation? Are there new asset conversions that the accounting department will have to record? Do the product costs and/or period costs change? Is it possible to make other areas more efficient, therefore, reducing fixed or variable costs? What company makes the manufacturing equipment? Is the company successful/reputable? Is the company new? Is the return on the investment satisfactory to board members and owners? How does the new equipment affect the employees? Will additional training be needed? Who will operate and manage this new equipment? How difficult would it be to get service if repairs were needed? How dependable are the service repair people? Will Waver have to hire a full time employee to fix the repairs? This salary is an additional expense. How dependable is the machine? Will the equipment affect the factory layout, efficiency, create toxic smells or be too loud for workers to be near it? Will customer satisfaction be increased? Will the employees operating the machine be paid more, therefore, increasing salary Will training occur? This is an added expense. Are there enough Jobs to reassign all employees displaced to new Jobs within Waver? How will Waver communicate this large change to its employees? How much does the machine cost? Are there additional variable costs that will be incurred? (4) What is your recommendation? This does not look like a good investment for Waver. The return on investment is low at the normal 60,000 operating volume. The fixed costs are large, Jumping by 476,000. That is a large increase when the sales at normal operating conditions will only yield an extra $4,000. It is not worth the expense. In the beginning, the equipment may be slow to operate at normal volume due to set up, training, glitches, etc. There may be a length of time where Waver is not able to produce and sell 60,000 units per year, which will hurt Wavers bottom line (as seen in the 25% volume decrease in example above). The new equipment seems like a risky investment. The choice of production structure (with the new equipment or without) depends on the expected future sales. If Waver was certain they could produce and sell more than 60,000 units per year, this may be an investment worth looking into, however, this is an unknown. Making a little less than the 60,000 units (59,500 units), would put Waver in the same position had they not purchased the new equipment. This point at which both cost structures intersect is what is relevant. From a management’s perspective, this new equipment is really not a good idea. There are too many What ifs’ and too many personnel and training issues that could be factors. I would not recommend purchasing this new equipment for Waver. How to cite Avid Pharmaceuticals, Papers

Technology and Human Dignity

Question: Does democracy help advance modern science and technology more than tyrannical and oppressive regimes? Under what government system do science and technology advance the most quickly and fully? Answer: Democracy does play an important role in the advancement of technology and science. A democratic government system is one of the greatest motivators for individuals working harder towards a brighter future, in order to excel in aspects of science and technology, unlike the oppressive and tyrannical regimes, where people lack the inspiration to make technological and scientific advances. Karl Marx believed that democracy and science, has brought about a progression from necessity towards freedom enhancing the standards of living, as compared to a non-democratic society, which enforce restrictions in civil liberties thereby limiting technological change (Berlin, 2013). A democratic nation might not be an advancing nation, since a whole lot of decisions is at disposition of the elected government officials, who might not necessarily be successful in investing in effective projects which promise a better future. According to Nicholas Mele (2014), the dignity of an individual has been undermined despite the prolonged life ensured advances in medical science, because it gives the people the ability to manipulate life. Science and liberty do not share the same goals, science aims to predict and control the future, and on the contrary, liberty aims on the privileges of the citizens of a nation. References Berlin, I. (2013).Karl Marx. Princeton University Press. Mele, N. (2014). Technology and Human Dignity. https://www.ipjc.org/journal/AMOSSpring14.pdf. Retrieved 22 July 2016, from https://www.ipjc.org/journal/AMOSSpring14.pdf

Primary Sources and Indigenous California

Table of Contents Secondary sources Major Problems in California History â€Å"The Three Worlds of the Chumash† Discussion Works Cited Primary sources of information are pieces of study that were created during the time of study. They may be documents or physical objects that have stored information or informational value that explains events and phenomena of the time under study (Hamilton 20). Moe often than not, primary sources are present during a time period or during an experience. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Primary Sources and Indigenous California specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They offer critical inside view of events or experiences. Examples of primary sources include original documents like excerpts and translations. They may also include speeches, diary recordings, letters, manuscripts, films, footages and official records. Creative works like works of poetry and music can also make up primary sources of information. Additionally, artifacts and/or relics can be classified as primary sources of information (Hamilton 25). Real time examples of primary sources of information include the constitution of the US, weaving and pottery of ancient tribes and journal articles that have new and original research findings. Secondary sources When information in primary sources is analyzed and published it becomes a secondary source of information. They may have images quotes and other graphics stemming out of the evaluation (Hamilton 28). Secondary sources are primarily publications that include textbooks, magazines, and commentaries. Textbooks used in schools and colleges and magazines produced for entertainment and academic purposes are some examples of secondary sources (Klarer 5). Major Problems in California History The book is a compilation of documents and essays that seek to provide light on some of the most important events and controversies that characterize the h istory of California during the period dating back to the pre-contact period. The book uses documents that can be classified as primary sources of information. This is because they provide the original information about the period under study. Though some of the documents were not originally from that period, the fact that they covered the period and they were later used as the prime sources of information qualifies them to be primary sources of information. The documents have stored information that has made it easier for scholars to study the period covered in the history of California. There are artifacts also that comprise of primary sources of information.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The essays on the other hand are secondary sources of information. They were written through the help of the documents and other artifacts that were collected over time. They offer a description o f the history but they are just an account of compiled from already existing sources. From the map it is easy to conclude that California was inhabited by large groups of Native Americans mainly the Indians. According to the artifacts, the native Californians were hunters. This is evidenced by the arrows that they kept. â€Å"The Three Worlds of the Chumash† The three worlds of the Chumash is a belief by the Chumash where they believed the world was divided into three layers. They believed these layers existed in â€Å"space.† These three worlds represented to what geographically can be referred to as spheres namely, the land, sea and sky (Olin and Chan 33). The Chumash believed that the Great Eagle ruled the skies while the serpent ruled the land. The water world was inhabited by frogs that urinated and produced the water that characterizes it. More importantly, the Chumash believed in the Sun God who carried the torch that lights the world. The torch was carried in a tightly rolled bark. By whipping the sparks, the Sun God created the night sky through the sparks from the touch (Olin and Chan 35). The Chumash’s believed in a Supreme Being whom Christians refer to as God. They believed he was responsible for their existence and that he was responsible for all the events that took place especially in the sky world. Though there are parallel beliefs when the religious beliefs of the Chumash and Christians are compared, there are a few similarities that come to play. They believed in the Supreme Being the Sun God whom Christians refer to as God. The sun God was the spirit that created the three worlds. This is comparable to Christians’ belief that the universe was created by God, whose different elements create the holly spirit. The differences between these groups may come in on the origin and composition of the different world and how they came to be. They may also have differences on the position of the sun and the moon as well a s the cause of the night sky. Christians believe it is all the work of God whiles the Chumash some how don’t. Primary and secondary sources used in this study have their weaknesses and strengths. Primary sources offer authenticity of the phenomena that is being describes. On the other hand, secondary sources are subjected to peer reviews that make them more accurate and easy to understand.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Primary Sources and Indigenous California specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Discussion Before this reading, the picture that American Indians presented included that of tribal people living in huts and solely dependent on hunting and gathering. From a third grader point of view, Native Americans roamed the land in groups and their culture showed little civilization. They exhibited violent and primitive characteristics and sometimes they were deceptive. They were people speaking different languages and grouped together in tribal groups that were led by chiefs. They also represented a picture of people with no or little religious beliefs far from what Christians and other among religions believed. Additionally they appeared as people who lived in forested areas and wore nothing on their bodies. After the reading the American Indians strike one as people with concrete religious believes as evidenced by the Three Worlds Story. They also had an organized life where with hierarchical structure that defined roles for members of the community. They were civilized I their own ways running a self sufficient community. Works Cited Chan, Sucheng and Olin, Spencer. Major problems in California history documents and essays. New York: Houghton Miffin, 1997. Print. Hamilton, John. Primary and Secondary Sources. Minnesota: ABDO Publishing Group, 2005.Print Klarer, Mario. An introduction to literary studies. New York: Routledge, 1998. Print. This essay on Primary Sources and Indigenous California was written and submitted by user Cassius Martinez to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Picasso at the Lapin Agile by Steve Martin

Picasso at the Lapin Agile by Steve Martin Picasso at the Lapin Agile is written by the iconic comedian/actor/screenwriter/banjo aficionado Steve Martin. Set in a Parisian bar at the beginning of the 20th century (1904 to be more precise), the play imagines a comical encounter between Pablo Picasso and Albert Einstein, both of whom are in their early twenties and fully aware of their amazing potential. In addition to the two historical figures, the play is also populated with an amusingly incontinent barfly (Gaston), a gullible yet lovable bartender (Freddy), a wise waitress (Germaine), along with a few surprises that trounce in and out of the Lapin Agile. The play takes place in one non-stop scene, lasting approximately 80 to 90 minutes. There isnt much plot or conflict; however, there is a satisfying combination of whimsical nonsense and philosophic conversation. The Meeting of the Minds: How to spark the interest of the audience: Bring two (or more) historical figures together for the first time. Plays such as Picasso at the Lapin Agile belong to a genre all their own. In some cases, the fictionalized dialogue is rooted in an actual event, such as (four music legends for the price of one Broadway show). More imaginative revisions of history include plays such as The Meeting, a fabricated yet fascinating discussion between Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X. One could also compare Martins play to more serious fare, such as Michael Frayns Copenhagen (which focuses on science and morality) and John Logans Red (which focuses on art and identity). However, Martins play rarely takes itself as seriously as the aforementioned dramas. Audience members who dont want to be bogged down with overly-academic monologs and excruciating historical accuracy will be charmed when they discover that Steve Martins work just skims the surface of much deeper intellectual waters. (If you want more depth in your theater, visit Tom Stoppard.) Low Comedy Vs. High Comedy Steve Martins comic stylings cover a broad range. He isnt above a fart joke, as indicated by his performance in the adolescent-pandering remake of The Pink Panther. However, as a writer, he is also capable of lofty, high-brow material. For example, his 1980s film Roxanne, screenplay by Martin, wonderfully adapted Cyrano de Bergerac setting the love story in a small Colorado town, circa 1980s. The protagonist, a long-nosed firefighter, delivers a remarkable monolog, an extensive list of self-insults about his own nose. The speech is hysterical to contemporary audiences, yet it also harkens back to the source material in clever ways. Martins versatility is exemplified when one compares his classic comedy The Jerk to his novel, a very subtle blend of humor and angst. The opening moments of Picasso at the Lapin Agile inform the audience that this play will be making several detours into the land of silliness. Albert Einstein walks into the bar, and when he identifies himself, the fourth wall is broken: Einstein: My name is Albert Einstein.Freddy: You cant be. You just cant be.Einstein: Sorry, Im not myself today. (He fluffs his hair, making himself look like Einstein.) Better?Freddy: No, no, thats not what I mean. In order of appearance.Einstein: Come again?Freddy: In order of appearance. youre not third. (Taking playbill from audience member.) Youre fourth. It says so right here: Cast in order of appearance. So, from the beginning, the audience is asked not to take this play too seriously. Presumably, this is when snobby historians walk out of the theater in a huff, leaving the rest of us to enjoy the story. Meet Einstein: Einstein stops in for a drink while waiting to meet his date (who will be meeting him at a different bar). To pass the time, happily listens to the locals converse, occasionally weighing in his perspective. When a young woman enters the bar and asks if Picasso has arrived yet, Einstein becomes curious about the artist. When he looks at a small piece of paper with a doodle by Picasso he says, I never thought the twentieth century would be handed to me so casually. However, it is up to the reader (or the actor) to decide how sincere or sarcastic Einstein is about the importance of Picassos work. For the most part, Einstein exhibits amusement. While the supporting characters bicker about the beauty of painting, Einstein knows that his scientific equations have a beauty of their own, one that will change humanitys perception of its place in the universe. Yet, he is not too boastful or arrogant, merely playful and enthusiastic about the 20th century. Meet Picasso: Did someone say arrogant? Martins portrayal of the egotistical Spanish artist isnt too far removed from other depictions, Anthony Hopkins, in the film Surviving Picasso, fills his characterization with machismo, passion, and blatant selfishness. So too is Martins, Picasso. However, this younger portrayal is feisty and funny, and more than a bit insecure when his rival Matisse enters the conversation. Picasso is a ladys, man. He is blatant about his obsession with the opposite sex, and he is also unrepentant about casting women aside once he has used them physically and emotionally. One of the most insightful monologs is delivered by the waitress, Germaine. She chastises him thoroughly for his misogynist ways, but it seems that Picasso is happy to listen to the criticism. As long as the conversation is about m, he is happy! Dueling with Pencils: Each characters high level of self-confidence draws him to one another, and the most engaging scene of the play takes place when Picasso and Einstein challenge each other to an artistic duel. They both dramatically raise a pencil. Picasso begins to draw. Einstein writes a formula. Both creative products, they claim, are beautiful. Overall, the play is light-hearted with a few dashes of intellectual moments for the audience to contemplate afterward. As one would hope from a play by Steve Martin there are more than a few quirky surprises, one of the zaniest being an oddball character named Schmendiman who purports to be as great as Einstein and Picasso, but who instead is simply a wild and crazy guy.

MANAGING DECISIONS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

MANAGING DECISIONS - Essay Example It is with this, that they came up with goals in which they strive to achieve. Tap helps to introduce children to the rhythm and music; it was first introduced in African American dance and named, Juba or Irish Step-Dancing and thought to have taken roots since 1800 when minstrel shows were taking course. Later in 2008, it was started by Rachael when she relocated to Greenwich from Islington after taking a career as a professional dancer. Her aim was to establish the benefits to creative and independent children. The school attracts customers by offering the first free lesson for starters, this works as an encouragement where those who really have the urge to cut down calories voluntarily get encouraged and start the exercises as soon as they get time. Povaly (2007), stated that for old members, the organization charges four weekly, where each day, people pay different rates like, they begin their classes with Tots Tap among the three year olds, where children are first taught how to count music and hold a beat, after gaining this skills, they are then taken to the next step of pre-primary tap. By this time the organization targets the school going child. With goals at hand and support from her clients, Rachael has transformed and brought in new styles of teaching which have integrated dance, music and methods that build on her past experience when she was working with major bodies of dancing in the United States. She has also worked to incorporate her styles with that of the British Ballet Organization, so as to make sure as the groups develop; they are able to work in accredited recognition of their development. The mentioned factor of the growing market is due to the merits the organization is striving to give its clients. An example is where, for starters, they are allowed free services for that day, and then the subsequent days of the week, they are charged at

Business Strategy and Organization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Business Strategy and Organization - Essay Example The strategic coalition with industry's professional's commitment to delivering the right manufacturing product to targeted consumer with cost effective approaches (Klijn 2007). Therefore, the current market industry efforts are in the strategic management performance with regards to a focused platform of customer satisfaction. The approach is a review of the competitive advantages of the overall site process methods. The measures make it clear that what are the best practices to use in today's social networking industry from the original concept of stages of quality strategic management system. The approach will outline the fundamental concept of acknowledging the applied quality strategic management which would aim at the consumers. The defining of the competitor edge provides the platform to reassure that the gained research data on networking is implemented successfully. The current market industry analysis for competitive organizations is to acquire an IT structure that delivers results in a business application industry through phases. The advantages are in the platform of using a synergy with the SaaS innovation, in order to form creative IT technology. This approach provides for a method to increasing sales in the targeted market. The IT technology offered by the industry is to present the product/service to a winning strategy for a long lasting effort to reach the market industry standards goals. The current industry role in modeling the three main phases of outputting the business applications for consumers are inputs, performances, and outcomes: Inputs Performances Outcomes Entry of user and passwords Quantity of work Confirmation of authorization Time assess to transfer Quality of work Concluded access Security Safety rules/regulation Variety of Benefits High level Platform Game Levels Extended areas of focus data Key areas sorted Demonstrated ability Data relayed New level fields Manageability Signed off conclusion of data Joined links Faster deliver Visual data displayed Figure A. According to Lynch's (2009) article, the Dell Corporation focused on low cost leadership in the computer industry that relied on operations and manufacturing skills. This approach provides the fundamental concept of current market industry trends to be succeeding in business on different platforms. The industry target market that represents businesses sizes of 500k-1million with a customer base of 3,500 to 8,000 can proactively hone on the beneficial aspects to delivering applications that address market concerns (Informationweek.com 2009). The industry competitive review of the concepts presented the streamline of criterion that allows a steady formation to synergize the core attributes of the product and service. The strategic fundamental aspect of establishing a strong IT strategic management scope within the organization is to achieve the desired goals and results. The IT strategic management scope can accomplish tasks outside of the normal activities within the confinement of the organization to acquire the outcome. The SaaS objective in the current market is too solely initiative IT management protocols for a successful implementation of a proposed plan initiative. The business identified industry competit

Complexity of the Concept of the Sacred

Complexity of the Concept of the Sacred Understanding the concept of the Sacred is a complex phenomenon. Assess keeping in mind over 4000 years of the sacred. Since the beginning of Humanity, Man has been trying to make sense of the world around itself, trying to fill in the pieces to questions it does not know the answer to. The human journey can be seen as a quest a search for knowledge, comfort and ultimately for understanding. Perhaps the greatest of humanities question have involved faith and the notion of a divine god/being. Beliefs about god have traveled a long road to todays understanding of the notion of God, the divine and sacred. God as a work in progress began first with the many gods of the polytheistic faith systems, with each god having limited domain of power and responsibility. For early human beings, such gods felt familiar and relatable. They didnt see a big gulf between the divine and the real, this is what made it so approachable, understandable and ultimately follow able. The concept of sacred was simply something that was beyond normal (Armstrong, 1993). According to Stormonth Phelp (1896) the word Sacred is derived from the Latin origin word Sacer, which means dedicated or consecrated to the higher beings i.e. gods or anything divine. The word is often used interchangeably with Holy; however there are minor differences with the concept of holiness in that it is primarily used in relation to relationships and persons, while sacred is used in relation to happenings, places or objects (McCann, 2008). This need for completion has led to various mythos to have formed over the years, culminating in the concepts of the Sacred/Profane dichotomy aptly explained by French Sociologist Emile Durkheim. The sacred is the boundless spirit of the religious and divine experience. Religions throughout their history have included very mixed beliefs and manifestations of those beliefs, but they all have something quite universal and explicit, regardless of their nature, through which the religious experience is differentiated from all others and that is that the sacred is something above and beyond the believers. Therefore, the sacred is highly subjective in its nature and Bastide concisely put it: if I were to give a definition of the sacred, it would cross my subjectivity, my own experience of the sacred and not a general definition (Desroche Bastide, 1974). To begin understanding the concept of the Sacred, it is best to understand what is considered Sacred and what is considered Profane. In Durkheims theory of Religion, both these concepts are the central tenant. The Sacred, according to Durkheim is an ideal, something that transcends everyday existence and is both awe-inspiring as well as fear inducing, and something potentially dangerous as well as extra-ordinary. Sacred in his view refers to things that have been set apart by man as requiring special religious treatment and veneration. One key point to note is that Sacred can be anything, from the earth to the moon, a bird, an animal, a rock, a tree to a god. The sacredness comes from a community marking them as such and once they have been established as a sacred, they are embodied in religious practices, sentiments and beliefs. The profane, on the other hand is anything that is simply ordinary, it embraces practices, persons and ideas that are in the end seen with everyday mundane attitudes of familiarity, utility and commonness. Both the sacred and profane are highly interrelated due to the extreme levels of emotions they invoke in the people that believe in them and according the Durkheim, the concept of Sacred and the profane varies amongst society to society (Durkheim, 1974). Durkheim expanded upon his notions and expressed religion as a management of the sacred, the means by which a system is generated to warrant the execution of the sacred in the community. Various sociological theories suggest that at the centre of any religion is the sacred and religion is nothing but a social phenomenon in its origin, content and purpose (Desroche Bastide, 1974). Sosis Alcorta (2003) are major proponents of the adaptive value theory of religion, having somewhat similar views as Durkheim, stating that religion evolved to enhance cohesion and cooperation between groups. Membership in a group setting allowed for a greater chance of survival and reproduction as well as advancement as a group. They also suggested that the costly-signaling theory suggested why rituals were such a major part of religious practice, stating that it was to ward of those trying to cheat the system i.e. be part of the group without offering anything of value. The reason why understanding the Sacred is such a complex phenomenon, is that the Sacred is highly subjective in its nature, malleable to suit the purpose of its time and context. Whenever a natural disaster occurred, such as an earthquake, flood, drought, the older civilizations took it to god/s being angry and their primitive understanding of nature took to slaughter being a worthy sacrifice to please the deities, resulting in the ending of their suffering. As our technologies advance, so does our understanding of nature and with it a steady decline in the extreme acts humans once used to do. However, humans, being the product of an evolutionary engine, are still quite prone to carrying out irrational behavior so as long as they believe and have faith in the sacred (Shermer, 1997). Armstrong (1993) was also quite clear in her works, stating that after having looked at over 4000 years of recorded human history that the notion of god was never unchanging, with what people considered god, going from polytheistic to monotheistic to atheistic, depended upon a multitude of factors. Today there are 12 classical world religions, those included in most religious definitions namely; BahaI, Buddhism, Christianity, Confucianism, Hinduism, Islam, Jainism, Judaism, Shinto, Sikhism, Taoism and Zoroastrinism, however if one was to delve further in, they would note that these twelve within themselves include numerous sects and factions with their adherents considering different things as sacred i.e. what might be sacred for a Shia Muslim, might not be for a Sunni Muslim etc. In todays information age of the 21st century where knowledge is expanding at an explosive rate, the words used to define ones understanding of the sacred is ever expanding, with countless expansion in our understanding of human consciousness and with religions ever changing due to the changing socio-political landscape, there is very little doubt that the notion of what is sacred is and always will remain a complex phenomenon. References: Desroche, H. (1975). Religion (Sociologie de la). La grande encyclopedie, 16th vol.. Paris: Libr. Larousse. Durkheim, E. (1974). Regulile metodei sociologice. BucureÃ…Å ¸ti: Ed. Ã…Å ¾tiinÃ…Â £ifică. Armstrong, K. (1993). A History of God. Ballatine Books Stormonth, J Phelp, P.H (1895). A Dictionary of the English Language, Blackwood sons. Retrieved March 19th, 2017 from https://books.google.com.pk/books/about/A_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language.html?id=NmogAQAAMAAJredir_esc=y McCann, C. (2008). New Paths Toward the Sacred Thus, Paulist Press Shermer, M. (1997). Why people believe weird things: Pseudoscience, superstition, and other confusions of our time. New York: W.H. Freeman. Sosis, R.; Alcorta, C. (2003). Signaling, solidarity, and the sacred: the evolution of religious behavior. Evolutionary Anthropology

Poetry Analysis: “Love is not all” Essay

Poetry reveals the emotions of the speaker. It will give happy thoughts if the speaker is happy but the opposite if the speaker is sad. Poems exist because of emotional certainties and uncertainties. That is why poems are more ideal and complex rather than other forms of literary pieces. The poem entitled â€Å"Love is not all† by Edna St. Vincent Millay discusses the meaning of love. The whole poem wants to say the truth about love – the destiny of people and how humans treat love at all. There are also different emerging figurative languages throughout the poem, which discusses the problems and dilemma of being in love. Therefore, the theme of this poem is love as it unravels the sadness and deepness of affection through metaphorical justification of the speaker’s emotions. The speaker of this poem wants to convey one thing – love is not perfect. He wants to justify his emotions through the different experiences in his life. Based on the message of the poem, the speaker is a man who wants to share his distress, defeat, and fall in loving his woman. The speaker compares love to a drink, meat, roof, floating spar, air, and medicine. These things symbolize many concepts that strengthen the idea and context of love. Drink and meat symbolize life, roof symbolizes shed or shelter, a floating par symbolizes life saver, air symbolizes breath, and medicine symbolizes cure. â€Å"Love is not all: it is not meat nor drink / Nor slumber nor a roof against the rain; / Nor yet a floating spar to men that sink / And rise and sink and rise and sink again; (St. Vincent Millay, 1-4). † All these ideas give life to humans but the point of the speaker is not to strengthen the idea of love but stating that love is not about living but dying. The poem is an irony of love as a source of life and comfort. The speaker wants to share that love is not as ideal as it can be. It is not like giving all the good things to obtain happiness because the speaker feels that love is like facing to death. The speaker wants to shed tears as he describes his experiences in love but he could not. â€Å"Love can not fill the thickened lung with breath, / Nor clean the blood, nor set the fractured bone; / Yet many a man is making friends with death (St. Vincent Millay, 5-7). † This part of the poem emphasizes the paradoxical concept of love where it could not provide life or saver to one’s body. Love is not selfless but selfish based on the description of the speaker. Therefore, it can be said that affection is not feeling like in heaven but almost in hell according to the speaker. Love gives you happiness when you fall in love but it gives you death when it breaks your heart. This is what the poem is from the beginning up to the end. â€Å"I might be driven to sell your love for peace, / Or trade the memory of this night for food. / It well may be. I do not think I would (St. Vincent Millay, 1-4). † However, in the end of the poem, the speaker himself accepts the fact that he could not fight against his love because his affection revolves around his woman. It only means that the speaker loves his woman so deeply that he could accept and endure the pain and sorrow but will not ever maker her suffer after almost killing the man by breaking his heart. In conclusion to this, the poem shows its main point in the beginning. In this case, the succeeding lines are only justifications of speaker’s emotions. In the end, the struggles and sufferings of the speaker still fades after feeling that he could not take any revenge against his woman because behind all the hatred and anguish against love, he still has his affection towards his love that no one could ever contain. Reference St. Vincent Millay, E. â€Å"Love is not all. †

Role and Functions of Law

Roles and Functions of Law Tanya S Kleinschmidt Law 421 March 25, 2013 Walter M Pence III Roles and Functions of Law Law is vast and diverse, which makes it overwhelming and confusing. The main purpose of the law is to create order in society and business. Law can be defined as â€Å"the body of official rules and regulations, generally found in constitutions, legislation, judicial opinions, and the like, that is used to govern a society and to control the behavior of its members, so Law is a formal mechanism of social control† (Sixth Form Law, 2012, par. 4).The following will describe the function of law and what role it has in society and business in addition to looking at how law affects a specific industry. Because American law is so diverse, it is broken down into several categories. Those categories include; Criminal law versus Civil law, Substantive law versus Procedural law, and Public law versus Private law. Please note that these categories are broad, and they are no t mutually exclusive. An act or transaction can be classified in more than one legal category (Melvin, 2011). First, laws, primarily statutes, are considered to be criminal or civil.Criminal law protects society. It is between private parties and society. For example, if someone is brought up on murder charges they would be tried in a criminal court of law. Violations of criminal law could result in penalties of fines or imprisonment to violators if convicted of the crime and proven to have intentionally committed the crime. Civil law is between private parties. Civil laws are created to compensate parties who have experienced losses because of the other parties’ actions. Examples of civil law could be divorce and accidental injury cases. Next are the differences between Substantive law and Procedural law.Substantive law is a statutory law, which deals with the relationship between people or people and the state. Substantive law is used to define, regulate, and create peopleà ¢â‚¬â„¢s rights and obligations. They deal with the structure and the facts of the case to determine the type of crime and the severity. It also defines the rights and responsibility of the accused. For example, there are several degrees of murder, depending on the circumstances and the intent; there are different levels of punishment. On the other hand, Procedural law is a set of rules that govern the proceedings of criminal lawsuits and civil proceedings.It elaborates on the steps of how the case should proceed as well as assists in determining if the case requires a trial. These laws ensure fair practice and consistency in the due process (Diffen, n. d. ). Last is the summary of Public law and Private law. Public law governs the relationship between individuals and the government. It includes constitutional law, administrative law, and criminal law. Domestic violence is an example of Public law. Private law, also known as common law in some countries, governs the relationships be tween individuals. It includes civil law, labor law, commercial law, corporations law, and competition law.An example of Private law would be a contract for services. If someone renders a service according to the request of the client, but the client is not happy with the results and refuses to pay for this service. This agreement is legally binding and the rules of transaction are governed by the common law of contracts (Melvin, 2011). There is much to digest once reading about the categories of law and to think this is just skimming the surface. In addition to these categories the Congress is given power via the Commerce Clause to â€Å"regulate Commerce among the several states† (Melvin, 2011, p 32).If Congress chooses to regulate certain persons or products, the federal law is supreme to the state law that tries to regulate the same persons or products. In the case of Cipollone v. Liggett Group, the state law regulating advertising for tobacco products were preempted by t he federal law (Melvin, 2011). It is important to know how state and federal laws can affect society and business. One industry, which is under constant scrutiny, is Appraising. Appraising has both state and federal laws to abide with, and they are constantly changing.Appraisers are required to obtain certain standards that are set forth in the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice (USPAP), which is published by the Appraisal Standards Board of the Appraisal Foundation. If an appraiser fails to comply with these standards there could be punishment of fines, lawsuits, or loss of license. In conclusion, it is important to know the basic roles and functions of law in both society and business even though it is vast and diverse. Laws are needed to create balance and order within society and business, and they can be broken into broad categories to obtain the basic knowledge.Another way to enhance ones knowledge of the roles and functions of business is to do research on p rior cases or laws that pertain to a business of interest. References Diffen. (n. d. ). Procedural Law vs Substantive Law. Retrieved from http://www. diffen. com/difference/Procedural_Law_vs_Substantive_Law Melvin, S. P. (2011). The Legal Environment of Business: A Managerial Approach: Theory to Practice. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Sixth Form Law. (2012). What is Law? Retrieved from http://sixthformlaw. info/01_modules/other_material/law_and_morality/0_what_is_law. htm

Pope Leo III - Charlemagnes Pope - Pope Saint Leo III

Pope Leo III was also known as: Charlemagnes Pope Pope Leo III is noted for: crowning Charlemagne Emperor and establishing the precedent that only the pope could confer the imperial crown. Leo was also physically attacked in the streets of Rome by supporters of his predeccessor. Occupation Role in Society: PopeSaint Places of Residence and Influence: Italy Important Dates: Elected pope: Dec. 26, 795Attacked: April 25, 799Died: June 12, 816 About Pope Leo III: Rather than keeping the papacy independent of secular authorities, Leo deliberately took steps to ally with Charlemagne and his growing empire. Attacked in the streets of Rome by supporters of his predecessors nephew, Leo sought the aid of Charlemagne and eventually crowned him emperor, establishing an important precedent. As pope, Leo was adept in diplomacy and managed to keep his Carolingian allies from exerting any real influence on matters of doctrine. He died in 816. For more about Leo, visit your Guides Concise Biography of Pope Leo III. More Leo III Resources: Concise Biography of Pope Leo IIIImage of Leo crowning Charlemagne Leo III on the Web Pope St. Leo IIIFairly substantial bio by Horace K. Mann at the Catholic Encyclopedia.Pope Saint Leo IIIConcise collection of useful data, heavily hyperlinked, at the Patron Saints Index. Leo III in Print The links below will take you to a site where you can compare prices at booksellers across the web. More in-depth info about the book may be found by clicking on to the books page at one of the online merchants. by Richard P. McBrienby P. G. Maxwell-Stuart Chronological Index Geographical Index Index by Profession, Achievement, or Role in Society